季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂的合成及性能研究

以十二胺、环氧氯丙烷、十二叔胺等为原料，无水乙醇为溶剂合成了季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂，应用红外光谱表征其结构，并测定其熔程。考察了产物水溶液的表面活性，并计算出产品的饱和吸附量（Fmax）和单分子饱和吸附面积（Amin）。实验结果表明Gemini表面活性剂CMC为0．8mmol／L、γcmc为35．7mN／m、Amin为2．04nm^2,有较高的表面活性，与具有相同单尾基链的传统表面活性剂十二烷基三甲基氯化铵（DTAC）R十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）相比，其表面张力相当，但CMC分别比DTAC、SDS低约15、11倍，Amin分别比DTAC、SDS高约4倍。

Study on Synthesis and Property of Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactant

A quaternary ammonium Gemini surfactant was synthesized from lauryl amine, epichlorohydrin and dadecyl dimethyl amine. The structure of product was analyzed by IR, and the melting range was determined. Surface activity of its aqueous solution was measured, and saturation adsorption amount （Гmax） and the saturation adsorption area per molecule （Amin） had been calculated. The result showed that the quaternary ammonium Gemini surfaetant has satisfying surface activity, and its CMC, γcmc and Amin are 0.8mmol/L, 35.7mN/m and 2.04nm^2, respectively. The sudace tension of Gemini product is the same as DTAC and SDS. Its CMC is about one fifteenths of DTAC and one elevenths of SDS, and its Amin is about a fourfold of DTAC and SDS.