中国水电温室气体减排作用分析

采用适于大尺度温室气体排放量计算的区域电网基准线法和标煤排放系数法分析了2015年和2020年中国水力发电温室气体减排潜力。计算结果表明,2种方法计算结果非常接近。2005年,中国水电减排二氧化碳3.4亿t;相对于2005年,2009年中国水电进一步减排二氧化碳0.99亿t,"十二五"和"十三五"期末年可进一步减排二氧化碳3.42亿t和6.39亿t;2020年,水电、核电、风能、太阳能及生物质能等可再生能源相对于2005年可减排二氧化碳14.81亿t,其中,水电减排占总量的43%。因此,水电对于实现2020年中国温室气体减排目标具有重要作用。

Analysis of greenhouse gas emission reduction of hydropower in China

The greenhouse gas emission reduction of hydropower in China for the years of 2005, 2009, 2015, and 2020 are calculated by using two methods in which the baseline emission factor and standard coal emission factor are used respectively. The results calculated by the two methods are close to each other. In the year of 2005, the greenhouse gas emission reduction of hydropower in China was 0.34 billion t. Relative to 2005, the total gas emission reduction of hydropower increased by 0.099 billiont CO2 in 2009, and will potentially increase by 0.342 billion t CO2 and 0.639 billion t CO2 in 2015 and 2020, respectively. Relative to 2005, the total C02 emission reduction of all kinds of non-fossil energy, including hydro, nuclear, wind, solar, and biomass in China in 2020 can reach 1.481 billion t. That means the reduction by hydropower would account to 43% of the total, indicating that hydropower plays a significant role in meeting the target of national emission reduction in 2020.