北京某军队幼儿园儿童营养与体格发育现状调查与评价

目的：调查并分析评价某军队一级一类幼儿园学龄前儿童营养和体格发育状况，为幼儿园儿童科学供膳提供根据。方法：选取北京市海淀区某军队一级一类幼儿园301名学龄前儿童，采用称量法和记账法相结合连续进行5d膳食调查，进行体格检查和测定血红蛋白。结果：该幼儿园儿童膳食品种多样，奶与奶制品摄入偏少，水果摄入量较充分；膳食宏量营养素、维生素供给基本达标，但锌、钙摄入不足。儿童体格中等及上等发育水平的比例分别为：WAZ为99．4％、HAZ为100％、WHZ为100％。低体重、生长迟缓和消瘦检出率分别为0％、0．7％和0％，超重和肥胖检出率分别为11．6％和6．6％，贫血患病率为0．3％。结论：该幼儿园儿童膳食营养摄入与生长发育状况较好，但部分微量营养素供给不足，超重和肥胖问题比较突出，应当进一步加强幼儿园儿童的科学供膳。

Investigation and Evaluation on Dietary Nutrition and Physical Development of Preschoolers in an Army Kindergarten in Beijing

[Objective] To investigate and evaluate dietary nutrition and physical development of preschoolers in firstlevel kindergarten in an army for building up kindergarten children scientific dieting system. [Method] Investigation was conducted with 301 children from first- level kindergarten in an army in Haidian district in Beijing. Apply 5d dietary survey with food weighting and accounting method, and physi cal examination and hemoglobin test were conducted at the same time. [Result] The study showed that children daily intakes of milk and dairy food were inadequate, comparing with an excess of fruits intake. All nutrientintakes were adequate except for calcium and zinc. The percentage of medium and superior level of physique development were WAZ 99. 4% , HAZ 100% , and WHZ 100%. The prevalence rate of lowerweight, retardant development, emaciation, overweight and obesity was 0%, 0.7%, 0%, 11.6%, and 6.6% respective ly. Anemia accounted for 0. 3%. [Conclusion] The most nutrient intake in this kindergarten basically met the requirement for preschoolers, but calcium and zinc intake was inadequate. The physical development of children in this kindergarten was good, but overweight and obesity were still a problem. Kindergarten scientific dieting system should be strengthened in the future.