国内模具材料发展及其应用

介绍了模具选材的基本原则,并且指出模具的使用寿命主要受材料和热处理工艺的影响,分析了模具的工作条件、结构、设计等因素对模具材料选择的影响,总结了几种常用模具材料的具体选用。综述了冷作模具钢、热作模具钢及塑料模具钢即国内常见的模具钢的发展及应用。冷作模具的失效形式是磨损、脆断、塑性变形、咬合等;塑料模具与冷作模具和热作模具相比,要有较高的硬度、一定的耐热性及耐蚀性;而热作模具钢的工作条件较为恶劣,热作模具钢在工作温度下具有高热强性、较好的综合力学性能、一定的抗氧化性及较高的使用寿命。最后对模具钢的研发进行了展望。

Development and Application of Die Steels in China

In this paper, basic principles of die materials selection were introduced including the life span of die mainly affected by die materials and heat treatment process. The effect of working conditions, die structures and designing factors on the choice of mould materials were analyzed, and selection of several common mould materials was summarized. Then the development and application of cold die, hot die and plastic die steels were reviewed. The cold die steels failure form are wear, brittle fracture, plastic deformation, cluneh, etc. Compared with cold die steels and hot die steels, the plastic dies steels have a higher hardness, a certain amount of heat resistance and corrosion resistance. However, the condition of hot die steels are bad, meanwhile, they have high heat resistance, fine mechanical properties, a certain oxidation resistance and higher useful life period. At last, the future prospects of die steels were discussed.