进入人防工程的架空线缆对HEMP耦合特性研究

高空核电磁脉冲(HEMP)能量可经长导体(如架空电力线、架空通信线等)耦合进入人防工程,而与这些长导体相连的电力、电子设备有可能遭受损坏。文中采用有损耗地面上传输线模型,通过数值仿真,研究架空线的长度、高度、负载阻抗、地面土壤电导率等参数与HEMP耦合特性的关系,为人防工程电磁脉冲防护提供依据。计算结果表明,在HEMP照射作用下,在50 m~1 km长的架空线的负载上能产生的感应电压幅度达几十千伏到上百千伏,感应电压的上升时间约在20 ns。

HEMP Coupling Characteristics of Overhead Cable into Civil Air Defense Work

The huge power produced by high altitude nuclear explosion (HEMP) can be coupled into civil air defense shelters via long conductors (for example,overhead power and communication cables),resulting in the damage of power or electric equipments connected with them.The transmission line model above lossless ground is used in this paper.The coupling characteristics between HEMP and parameters including the length and height of overhead lines,load impedance,and ground soil conductivity are obtained by numeric simulation,which will provide the reference for electromagnetic pulse protection of civil air defense shelters.Calculation shows that under the illumination of HEMP,the amplitude of induced voltage produced in the load of overhead cables ranging from 50 m to 1 km can reach up to tens of kilovolts to hundreds of kilovolts with a rise time of induced voltage of about 20 ns.