基于FDM的船舶模型强度实验

按比例缩小制造的船舶模型,是各种船舶性能实验研究的重要手段.运用熔融沉积成型(FDM)技术进行船舶模型制造,具有精度高、周期短、成本低廉等优势.主要材料聚乳酸(PLA)绿色环保、性能稳定,是制造船舶模型的理想材料.但由于目前主流设备的成型尺寸限制,一般需要分段打印进行拼接.选用常见的2,3,4 mm厚度,通过拉伸实验测定了典型成型工况下PLA材料以及两种拼接补强方案的拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量,并通过有限元仿真对试样断裂原因进行分析,进一步佐证实验结论,并提出优化意见.通过实际应用,证实了FDM技术能够满足船舶模型强度需求,在制造时间和成型精度上相比传统工艺有较大优势.

Experiment on Strength of Ship Model based on FDM

The ship models which manufactured with a reduced scale was an important method of ship performance experimental researches. Using fused deposition molding (FDM) technology to manufacture ship models had the advantages of high precision, short cycle and low cost. Polylactide (PLA) was a mainstream material which was environmental protective and has the stable performance. However,due to the limitation of the molding size of mainstream equipment,segmented printing and then splicing is generally needed. Using samples of common thickness of 2,3,4 mm,which were manufactured in typical molding condition,the tensile strength and tensile modulus of PLA material and two spliced schemes were measured by tensile test. Further,the fracture reason of samples was analyzed by finite element simulation,and the experiment conclusion was confirmed,and the optimization suggestion was put forward. Through the practical application,it is proved that FDM technology can meet the strength requirements of ship model,and has greater advantages in manufacturing time and forming accuracy than traditional technology.