筒状构件应力集中磁记忆检测补偿方法研究

筒状构件是一种常用的工程构件，一旦发生事故将会造成重大损失，应力集中是导致构件失效的重要原因。磁记忆检测方法是一种有效的应力集中检测方法。对筒状构件进行圆周扫查时，地磁场的作用变化影响磁记忆检测结果，容易造成应力集中区域的误判。建立铁磁质筒状构件外表面地磁场分布模型，探究地磁场在筒状构件外表面作用效果及补偿方法。试验结果显示，对铁磁质筒状构件进行圆周扫查时，法向分量与幅值约为地磁场的2倍。将磁信号法向分量减去2倍地磁场作为筒状构件磁记忆检测补偿方法，补偿后与直线扫查相关系数稳定在0.8以上，优于传统反向补偿法。提出的筒状构件补偿方法有效提高了应力集中区域定位精度。

Research on Magnetic Memory Detection and Compensation Method for Early Damage of Tubular Components

The tubular member is a commonly used engineering member, which will cause heavy losses in the event of an accident. Stress concentration is an important cause of component failure. Magnetic memory testing method is an effective stress concentration testing method. Circumferential scanning magnetic memory detection is performed on cylindrical components, and changes in the action of the earth's magnetic field affect the detection results, which are likely to cause misjudgment of stress concentration areas. The geomagnetic field distribution model on the outer surface of the ferromagnetic cylindrical member is established, and the effect and compensation method of the geomagnetic field on the outer surface of the cylindrical member are explored. The experimental results show that the normal component and amplitude are about twice the geomagnetic field when the ferromagnetic cylindrical member is scanned circumferentially. The normal component of the magnetic signal minus 2 times the geomagnetic field is used as the magnetic memory detection compensation method for cylindrical components, and the correlation coefficient between the compensation and the linear scan is stable above 0.8, which is better than the traditional reverse compensation method. The proposed compensation method for cylindrical components effectively improves the positioning accuracy of stress concentration areas.