基于结构光视觉的钢轨波磨检测与定位方法研究

钢轨波磨的高精度测量是研究钢轨波磨问题的基础。基于钢轨波磨检测与定位问题,提出了一种结合结构光视觉、波磨横向测量线以及连续小波变换的波磨测量系统。建立基于结构光视觉的钢轨轮廓测量模型,提出依据11条波磨测量线来提取轨面不平顺并运用连续小波变换时频分析方法,实现了波磨的横向与纵向位置定位。通过搭载测量系统的波磨小车对实际线路进行测试,结果表明,该曲线内轨曲中点和缓圆点处均存在波磨,且曲中点处波磨幅值大于缓圆点处;外轨曲中点和缓圆点处轨面在所有测量线处无周期性,不存在波磨。该曲线波磨纵向位置在K19+555~K19+650范围内,横向位置在B-B测量线上,波长约为200mm,横向定位后的轨面不平顺水平要比未经定位的轨面不平顺水平大4.2dB。波磨测量系统实现了钢轨波磨的精确定位与测量。

Research on Detection and Positioning Method of Rail Corrugation Based on Structural Light Vision

The high-precision measurement of rail corrugation is the basis for the study of rail corrugation problem. Based on the problem of rail corrugation detection and positioning, a rail corrugation measurement system combining structured light vision,corrugation transverse measurement line and CWT is proposed. The rail profile measurement model based on structured light vision is established, 11 rail corrugation measurement lines are proposed to extract the rail surface unevenness, and the transverse and longitudinal position of the rail corrugation is realized using the CWT time-frequency analysis method. The field test results show that the rail corrugation exists in the inner rail at the MC and at the SC, and the amplitude of the rail corrugation at the MC is larger than that at the SC; the rail surface at the MC and at the SC of the outer rail has no periodicity at all measurement lines, and there is no rail corrugation. The longitudinal position of the curve rail corrugation is in the range of K19+555 to K19+650, the transverse position is in the B-B measurement line, the wavelength is about 200 mm, the transverse positioned rail surface unevenness level is 4.2 dB larger than the unpositioned rail surface unevenness level. the rail corrugation measurement system can realize the accurate positioning and measurement of rail corrugation.