生物特征模板保护综述

近年来频繁出现的网络安全事件使得网络安全上升到国家战略的高度,可靠的互联网身份认证是互联网应用的关键环节,基于生物特征的身份认证技术可以保证用户物理身份和数字身份的一致性而受到关注。为了保护生物特征模板的安全性和隐私性,近年来提出了生物特征模板保护研究。首先分析了生物特征识别系统面临的安全问题,对生物特征模板保护技术在生物特征识别系统中的定位和具体概念进行了介绍。其次,基于国内外的研究工作,归纳了各类生物特征模板保护技术的特点、效果和应用范围,包括生物哈希、不可逆变换法、密钥绑定以及密钥生成等;阐述了每类方法的主要思想、代表性工作以及主要特点,并从隐私性、实用性、敏感性、安全性和认证性能方面对其中的典型方法进行了总结对比;进一步介绍了多生物特征融合的模板保护算法,主要包括多模态生物特征和单模态生物特征的不同特征融合的模板保护方法。最后,对生物特征模板保护存在的问题进行了分析,并对进一步的研究方向进行了展望。

Review of biometric template protection

Recently, the network security has been becoming part of the national strategy due to the frequent attack events. Reliable online identify authentication is one of key issues for the Internet application and the biometric authentication has drawn wide attentions due to its consistency between the physical identities and digital identities. The biometric template protection has been conducted in these years to enhance its security and privacy. Firstly, the security problems in a biometric authentication system are analyzed, and the scope and content of biometric template protection in biometric system are presented. Then, the features, effectivenesses and applications of different biometric template protection technologies are summarized based on recent works, including BioHashing, noninvertible transformation, key binding and key generation. The main idea, the representative work and the specialties of each method are explained. Additionally,the privacy, practicability, sensitiveness, security and authentication performance of the typical approaches are summarized and compared. In further, the multi biometric combination is introduced, which includes multi modal biometrics and different features from the same biometric. Finally, the limitation and weakness of the current technologies are analyzed, and the future research is discussed.