基于纯方位角测量的水下目标被动跟踪技术

水下目标的被动跟踪技术在军事上具有重要的应用价值,为了解决基于纯方位角测量的水下目标被动跟踪技术在实际应用中的问题,研究了几种适合于单、双观测站的水下目标被动跟踪算法.分别对伪线性估计算法、扩展卡尔曼滤波算法、无迹卡尔曼滤波算法在不同参数情况下的性能进行了详细的仿真与分析.仿真结果表明,静止单观测站虽不能获得目标的完全观测,但是在具有一定先验信息的情况下,伪线性估计算法也可以实现对目标轨迹的估计；双观测站可以获得对目标的完全观测,并且在观测方程严重非线性的情况下,无迹卡尔曼滤波方法的性能要优于扩展卡尔曼滤波方法.仿真结果对工程应用具有重要的参考价值.

Passive Underwater Target Tracking Based on Bearings-Only Angle Measurement

In regard to actual application of passive underwater target tracking technology based on bearings-only angle measurement,several algorithms for monostatic and bistatic sonar systems,i.e.the pseudo-linear estimation（PLE）,the extended Kalman filter（EKF）,and the unscented Kalman filter（UKF）,are discussed,and their performances are simu-lated with different parameters,respectively.Simulation results illustrate that： 1） The nonmoving monostatic sonar sys-tem can not obtain all-around observation of target,but when prior information of the target velocity is available the trajectory of the target can be acquired by using the PLE algorithm;2） The bistatic sonar system can achieve all-around observation of target,and the performance of the UKF is better than that of the EKF when the observation equation is very nonlinear.