口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗猴体神经毒力试验病理检定分析

作者总结和分析了本所27年中(1961～1987)有关口服脊髓灰质炎减毒活疫苗(OPV)病理检定情况。按WHO检定规程要求,用脑内法检定458批,合格率85.4％,其中I型76.58％,Ⅱ型90.91％,Ⅲ型92.36％。通过脑内注射6053只猴的中枢神经系统组织学观察发现仅有少数猴(3.68％)出现无麻痹性脊髓灰质炎,亦可见到极少数猴(0.84％)出现麻痹性脊灰炎,并认为脑内试验猴应以脊髓特异性改变为病理诊断依据。用脊髓内法检定51批疫苗,全部合格。作者认为,用被检疫苗和参考制品的平均病变分值之差与基本数据比较所得的结果去评价疫苗的减毒程度是合理的。

The Analysis of Pathology for the Monkey Neurovirulence Test of Oral Polio Vaccine

We have summarized and analyzed the pathological results of oral polio vaccine (OPV) during the past 27 years (1961 1987), According to WHO Requirements, 458 batches OPV were inoculated to Macaca mulattas intracerebrally and qualified rate was 85.4%, of which types Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 76.58%, 90.91% and 92.36% separately. Minor monkeys (3.68%) had a symptom of aparalysis poliomyelitis and only a few (0.84%) had a symptom of paralysis in 6053 monkeys injected intracerebrally by histological observation of centra neuron. We think that the basis of pathological diagnosis for tested monkeys intracerebrally should be specific change of spinal cord. 51 batches of OPV were examined by the method of intraspinal injection and they were all up to standard. In our opinion, it would be more rational for evaluation of vaccine attenuation degree by comparing pathological change in average between tested vaccine and reference preparation with the basic data.