基于正演模拟的地震反射特征主要影响因素分析

随着储层地球物理学的发展，利用地震信息直接预测储层砂岩厚度的横向变化，愈来愈迫切要求对地震数据进行高保真处理。利用波动方程理论法对楔形体砂岩模型进行正演模拟，探讨了随机噪声、地层吸收对地震记录、地震属性以及砂岩预测结果的影响。分析认为，当Q小于100时，地层对地震反射能量吸收严重，需要在处理中加强能量补偿。当S／N小于5时，储层砂岩厚度与地震反射特征、地震属性的相关性变差，噪声对预测结果产生干扰，影响储层预测精度。

Seismic reflection features major influential factors analysis based on forward modeling

With the development of reservoir geophysics, HI-FI processing of seismic data is becoming more impending for reservoir sandstone thickness horizontal variance direct forecast using seismic data. Forward modeling is conducted on wedge sand model using wave equation theory. The effect of random noise and formation absorption on seismic recording, seismic attributes and sandstone forecast result. Analysis shows that when Q is smaller than 100, the formation absorption of seismic reflected energy so severe that energy compensation should be reinforced in processing. When S/N is smaller than 5, the dependence of reservoir sandstone thickness on seismic reflection features and seismic attributes becomes slight, and noise can generate interference to forecast result, thus affecting reservoir forecast precision.