短切纤维对RDX/TNT熔铸炸药的力学改性

采用玻璃纤维、聚酯纤维、铝纤维、碳纤维4种短切纤维作熔铸炸药力学性能改性剂,研究了压缩、拉伸力学实验中短切纤维的种类、添加量和长度对RDX/TNT 65/35熔铸炸药力学性能的影响。结果表明,聚酯纤维对压缩强度的改善效果最佳,添加量为0.4%时压缩强度达27.94 MPa。铝纤维会显著降低炸药的拉伸强度和拉伸延伸率。玻璃纤维添加量为0.2%时拉伸、压缩力学性能均低于不掺杂纤维材料的RDX/TNT 65/35熔铸炸药。添加量在0.2%～1.0%时,65/35-RDX/TNT的压缩力学性能随玻璃纤维用量的增加而升高。添加量分别为0.01%和0.05%时,使用3 mm碳纤维的炸药拉伸力学性能好于使用6 mm碳纤维,掺杂0.05% 3 mm碳纤维的炸药各项拉伸力学性能最好。

Mechanical Reinforcement on the Melt-cast Explosive of RDX/TNT by Chopped Fibers

Using glass, polyester, aluminum and carbon fiber as the mechanical modifier of melt-cast explosive RDX/TNT 65/35, the influence of type, content and length on its mechanical property was studied through compressive and tensile experiments. Results show that, the modified effect on compressive strength with polyester fiber is the best, and the compressive strength of the explosive with 0.4% increases to 27.94 MPa. The tensile strength and tensile elongation decreases obviously with decrease of aluminum fiber. The tensile and compressive mechanical properties are degraded when using 0.2% glass fiber than that without fiber. The compressive mechanical performance of RDX/TNT 65/35 increase with the additive amount of glass fiber increase. With 0.01% and 0.05% carbon fiber separately, the tensile mechanical property with 3 mm carbon fiber is better than that with 6 mm carbon fiber, and tensile mechanical properties reach maximum using 0.05% 3 mm carbon fiber.