“西园雅集”的图文解读与园林空间范式研究

宋代是文人园林定型的关键阶段。揭示宋代园林生活、空间组织变迁及其时代特征,是理解文人园林审美的重要基础。以宋代典型的园林活动"西园雅集"为研究对象,通过对历代西园雅集图文解读,提取"观书""作画""抚琴""题石""说经"5类诗情画意园林活动和相应场景要素、组织方式等共性图像符号。进而纵向对照西汉至唐代知名的雅集活动模式,归纳了西园雅集在活动人群上的儒道释兼容、活动类型上的诗画禅意、空间上的集群串联式结构、审美上的主客体融合等文人园林雅集特征。对理解园林活动对中国园林空间组织变迁上的影响,有着积极的理论补充意义。

The Graphic and Textual Interpretation andLandscape Space Paradigm of "Xi Yuan Ya Ji"

Song Dynasty is the key stage of literati landscapegarden stereotyping. Revealing the transition of garden life, spatialorganization and the characteristics of the times in Song Dynastyis an important basis for understanding the aesthetic appreciationof literati landscape gardens. This paper takes the typical gardenactivities in Song Dynasty as the research object, and through theinterpretation of many ancient pictures and texts of the West GardenGathering in the past dynasties, it extracts the common imagesymbols of five kinds of poetic and picturesque garden activitiesand scene elements, as well as the organization mode, whichare "reading", "painting", "playing stringed instruments", "stonecarving", and "explaining Buddhist classics". Then, comparedlongitudinally with the famous elegant collection activities modefrom Western Han Dynasty to Tang Dynasty, this paper sums upthe characteristics of the elegant collection of literati landscapegardens, such as the compatibility of Confucianism and Taoismand Buddhism in the active crowd, the Zen meaning of poetry andpainting in the type of activity, the cluster series structure in space,and the fusion of subject and object in aesthetics. It is of positivetheoretical significance to understand the influence of gardenactivities on the transition of Chinese garden space organization.