维持黄河下游排洪输沙基本功能的关键技术研究

以河床演变学理论为基础，结合黄河下游河道输沙特点，对河槽的排洪输沙作用进行了量化表述，界定了黄河下游河槽排洪输沙基本功能．提出了黄河下游排洪输沙基本功能的判别指标体系；利用实体模型试验研究和实测资料分析．建立了水沙过程与河槽冲淤及断面形态调整之间的响应关系，提出了近期基本满足黄河下游河槽排洪输沙基本功能的概化水沙过程及相应的水量。并形成了水沙调控指标体系；初步提出了维持黄河下游河槽排洪输沙基本功能的中游水库群水沙联合调度方案。研究成果可为黄河小浪底水库水沙调控提供科学依据．对黄河下游的防洪减灾及水资源可持续利用具有重要意义。

Research on key technologies to maintain functions of sediment flushing and flood discharging in the downstream of the Yellow River

On the basis of river bed evolution theory, combined with characteristics of sediment discharging of river course in the downstream of the Yellow River, the paper presents function of sediment flushing and flood discharging of river channel in a quantitative manner, defines the function and proposes an evaluation index system of the function. Basing on physical model experiments and analysis of surveyed data, a response relationship between water and sediment process and river channel silt flushing, adjustment of cross-section shape is put forward. A conceptive water and silt process and corresponding water quantity as well as a water and silt regulation index system is suggested to satisfy short-term flood discharging and sediment flushing. Basing on all of these, a reservoir group joint regulation plan for water and sediment is proposed for the downstream of the Yellow River. The research output can provide scientific reference for regulation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir and is very meaningful for flood control and disaster reduction and sustained water resources utilization in the downstream of the Yellow River.