粗毛纤孔菌(Inonotus hispidus)的鉴定及其子实体不同溶剂提取物的抗氧化活性与抑菌活性研究

采用rDNA ITS序列分析对一株野生桑黄菌(SH)进行鉴定,研究了其子实体不同溶剂(70%乙醇、甲醇、乙酸乙酯、氯仿)提取物中的总黄酮、总多酚与抗氧化活性的相关性以及4种提取物的抑菌活性。结果表明:该野生桑黄菌为粗毛纤孔菌(Inonotus hispidus),其子实体不同溶剂提取物的总黄酮、总多酚、抗氧化活性和抑菌活性存在显著差异,其中甲醇提取物中的总黄酮和总多酚含量最高,分别为(14.78±0.16)mg芦丁/g和(67.42±1.41)mg没食子酸/g;70%乙醇提取物的和DPPH·清除能力ABTS+·清除能力最强,分别为(43.83±0.03)和(116.08±0.24)mg Trolox/g,甲醇提取物的铁离子还原能力最强,为(126.24±3.02)mg Trolox/g;总多酚和总黄酮含量与FRAP法之间呈极显著正相关(p<0.01),总多酚与ABTS+·清除能力和DPPH·清除能力之间呈显著相关(p<0.05),而总黄酮与ABTS+·清除能力和DPPH·清除能力不相关;70%乙醇提取物和甲醇提取物的抑菌效果最好,其中对草莓灰葡萄孢霉的抑菌效果最好(抑菌圈直径>30 mm),其次是对金黄色葡萄球菌(抑菌圈直径>15 mm),对大肠杆菌的抑菌效果最差(抑菌圈直径>10 mm)。研究发现粗毛纤孔菌甲醇提取物的总多酚、总黄酮含量最高,抗氧化活性和抑菌活性最强,是天然抗氧化剂的良好来源。

Identification of Inonotus hispidus and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Different Solvent Extracts from Its Fruiting Bodies

To classify a wild Phellinus(SH)based on ITS identification,and to evaluate the correlation between the antioxidant activities and total flavonoid and total polyphenol,and the antimicrobial activities of different solvent extracts(70% ethanol,methanol,ethyl acetate,chloroform)from the fruiting bodies. Results showed that,the strain SH was classified as Inonotus hispidus. There had significant differences on antioxidant activities and antibacterial activities of total flavonoids and total polyphenols from different solvent extracts of their fruit bodies. Methanol extracts contained the highest amount of total flavonoid and total polyphenol,and the highest amount were(14.78±0.16) mg rutin/g and(67.42±1.41) mg gallic acid/g. 70% ethanol extracts had the strongest scavenging ability to DPPH and ABTS free radical,and the maximum scavenging abilities were(43.83±0.03) mg Trolox/g and(116.08±0.24) mg Trolox/g. Methanol extracts had strongest ferric reducing power,and the reducing power was(126.24±3.02) mg Trolox/g. The ferric reducing power appeared positive correlation with the contents of total flavonoid and total polyphenol(p<0.01). 70% ethanol extracts and methanol extracts appeared the highest antimicrobial activities,with the diameter of inhibition zone values of Botrytis cinerea>30 mm,the diameter of inhibition zone values of Staphylococcus aureus>15 mm,the diameter of inhibition zone values of Bacillus coli>10 mm.It was found that the methanol extracts from the fruiting bodies of Inonotus hispidus exhibited the highest contents of total flavonoid and total polyphenol,and the highest activities of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties,it would be a good source of nature antioxidants.