超大城市治理的“社区”路径--《成都市城乡社区发展规划(2018-2035年)》的编制与思考

从理论认识、问题研判、社区分类与特征识别、分类指导与分期实施四个方面对《成都市城乡社区发展规划(2018-2035年)》编制进行了梳理,重点阐释了市级层面社区发展规划三方面的理论探索:①社区发展规划延续了“五大社区”战略目标,通过8种“发展要素”的提取,将上位规划与平行规划的要求纳入社区分类和发展规划中,明确了这一全新的规划类型与现存规划体系的关系;②通过“社区发展群”的划分、特征识别和十大行动引导,市级社区发展规划将顶层设计(五大社区)层层传导至区县和街道镇的社区治理行动中,建立了“从宏观战略到社会治理最后一公里”的传导机制;③通过“八大社区发展群”及其分类指导,规划彰显了成都城乡社区的多元特征,同时也为区县和街道镇层级的社区规划留出操作空间。可以说《成都市城乡社区发展规划(2018-2035年)》提供了一个从宏观视角研究和引导基层社区发展的可能。

The Community Perspective of Mega Cities Governance--Thoughts on the Compilation of Chengdu Urban and Rural Community Development Planning 2018-2035

This research illustrates the compilation of Chengdu Urban and Rural Community Development Plan(2018-2035)from four dimensions,including theoretical understandings,problem analysis,community classification and characterization,and categorical guidelines and staged implementation.Meanwhile,special attention is paid to three theoretical underpinning of community development planning at the municipal level.Firstly,the planning maintains the original strategic objective of building‘Five Main Communities'.Through the study of eight‘development factors',the requirements of upper and parallel plans are integrated into community classification and development plans.Hence,the relationship between this new type of planning and the current system is clarified.Secondly,based on the classification of‘community development groups',feature recognition and Ten Action Guide,top-level policy design(Five Main Communities)is translated into the community management actions at the district,the town and the street levels.In this way,the communication mechanism from macro-strategy to grassroots governance is well established.Thirdly,eight community development groups and their respective guidelines show the diversity of communities in Chengdu.At the same time,it also leaves more operating space for community planning at lower administrative levels,including districts,towns and streets.Therefore,Chengdu Urban and Rural Community Development Plan(2018-035)provides us the possibilities to study and guide the development of local communities from a macroscopic perspective.