森林对多年平均径流量影响的探讨

本文在分析降水、燕散发机制和观测实验资料基础上,运用水平衡原理,揭示了森林对多年平均径流量影响的机理和两种观点对立的原因,为解决这一问题提供了一条新的成因分析途径。根据分析,本文认为:一般情况下,森林将使多年平均径流量减少,小面积造林减少得多,近似等于森林增加的蒸散发量;大面积造林减少得少,但不低于森林增加的蒸散发量的35%。南方温湿地区造林减少得多,北方干旱地区造林得少减少。

Effects of Forest on the Average Annual Runoff

It is still an argumentative question today that the forest increses, or decreases the average annual runoff. In this paper, a new analysis method of the formative cause of this question is advanced by using water balance principle based on the analysis of mechanism of precipitation and evaportranspiration and the observed data. Form the analysis it is concluded that the forest will decrease the average annual runoff due to silvicultural treatment. The quantity of decreased runoff is more in the small area of silviculture, approximately equal to the increased evaportranspiration of the forest, and less in the large area of silviculture, but no less than 35% of the increased evaportranspiration in China. And in the hot-humid region in South China, the average annual runoff decreases more than in the cold-arid region in North China.