Effect of hot water and heat treatment on the apatite-forming ability of titania films formed on titanium metal via anodic oxidation in acetic acid solutions |
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Authors: | Xinyu Cui Hyun-Min Kim Masakazu Kawashita Longbao Wang Tianying Xiong Tadashi Kokubo Takashi Nakamura |
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Affiliation: | (1) Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang, 110016, China;(2) Department of Ceramic Engineering, School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Yonsei University, 134, Shinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, South Korea;(3) Center for Research Strategy and Support, Tohoku University, 6-6-11-1306-1 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba Sendai, 980-8579, Japan;(4) Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai Aichi, 487-8501, Japan;(5) Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical, Kyoto University, Shogoin Kawahara-cho 54, Sakyo-ku Kyoto, 615-8507, Japan |
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Abstract: | Titanium and its alloys have been widely used for orthopedic implants because of their good biocompatibility. We have previously
shown that the crystalline titania layers formed on the surface of titanium metal via anodic oxidation can induce apatite
formation in simulated body fluid, whereas amorphous titania layers do not possess apatite-forming ability. In this study,
hot water and heat treatments were applied to transform the titania layers from an amorphous structure into a crystalline
structure after titanium metal had been anodized in acetic acid solution. The apatite-forming ability of titania layers subjected
to the above treatments in simulated body fluid was investigated. The XRD and SEM results indicated hot water and/or heat
treatment could greatly transform the crystal structure of titania layers from an amorphous structure into anatase, or a mixture
of anatase and rutile. The abundance of Ti–OH groups formed by hot water treatment could contribute to apatite formation on
the surface of titanium metals, and subsequent heat treatment would enhance the bond strength between the apatite layers and
the titanium substrates. Thus, bioactive titanium metals could be prepared via anodic oxidation and subsequent hot water and
heat treatment that would be suitable for applications under load-bearing conditions. |
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