拓宽思路,科学评价水资源量——以渭河流域蓝水绿水资源量评价为例

对蓝水和绿水的内涵进行了梳理,并对其评价方法进行了综合分析,认为水文模型法是同时评价蓝水和绿水资源量时空变化特征的有效方法。在此基础上以渭河流域为例,构建了渭河流域分布式水文模型SWAT,并采用SUFI-2算法进行参数敏感性分析、参数率定、模型验证以及不确定性分析。根据模型输出结果,分别在水文响应单元、控制流域以及城市/地区尺度上对渭河流域近50年来的蓝水资源量、绿水流和绿水储量进行了综合评价,以期为西北干旱缺水地区的水资源规划与管理以及水资源高效利用提供科学依据。

Assessment of Water Resources: Case Study on the Blue and Green Water Resources in the Wei River Basin

The hydrological model approach is considered as an efficient way to assess the characteristics of spatiotemporal variation of blue and green water resources, after review on the concept of blue water and green water, and comprehensive analysis of assessment methods. In order to quantify the available water resources in the Wei River Basin (WRB), a hydrological model was developed by using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), and calibrated and validated with SUFI-2 (Sequential Uncertainty Fitting program) based on river discharge in the WRB. Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis were also performed to improve the model performance. Different components of water resources for blue water flow, green water flow, and green water storage were estimated at the Hydrological Response Unit (HRU) scale, river catchments, and city/region scales during the past 50 years. This study will provide scientific basis for the planning and management of water resources, and optimal utilization of water resources in the water scare region in the Northwest of China.