组合型生态浮床中各生物单元对污染物去除的贡献及净化机理

对组合型生态浮床中水生植物单元（空心菜）、水生动物单元（滤食性贝类三角帆蚌）、微生物强化单元（人工介质）进行组合配置,分析不同生物单元的污染物去除贡献率,试验结果表明,组合型生态浮床中人工介质单元对TN、TP、CODMn去除的贡献率分别为48.5%、46.7%、49.9%,均高于水生植物和水生动物单元,人工介质富集的微生物是氮磷等污染物的净化主体,而水生动物单元对Chl-a的去除贡献率达到了79.1%,表明水生动物单元的污染物去除途径主要为三角帆蚌对藻类等颗粒性有机物的滤食。通过三角帆蚌的滤食及排氨作用促进了颗粒有机物的可溶化和无机化,为组合型生态浮床中人工介质上微生物增殖以及植物的吸收提供了有利的基质条件,从而促进了浮床的污染物净化效能。

Contribution and Purification Mechanism of Bio components to Pollutants Removal in an Integrated Ecological Floating Bed

The aquatic plant（Ipomoea aquatica）,aquatic animal（filter-feeding Hyriopsis cumingii）,artificial medium for an integrated ecological floating bed（IEFB） were combined,and the contaminant removal rates contributed by different biological units were analyzed.It is shown that,the artificial medium（microorganism） unit acted as the main role of purification of IEFB with approximately 48.5%,46.7%,and 49.9% of TN,TP and CODMn removed from the water,respectively,much higher than that of aquatic plant unit and aquatic animal unit.Furthermore,the contribution of aquatic animal unit for chlorophyll-a removal was 79.1%,which means that the particulate organic matters filter fed by the Hyriopsis cumingii is the main contaminations removal way of aquatic unit.The filter feeding and ammonia emission effect of the Hyriopsis cumingii promotes the solubilization and mineralization of particulate organic matters,which provides advantaged substance condition for the microorganism attached to the artificial medium of IEFB,and resulting in promoting the purification efficiency of the floating-bed.