硫代硫酸盐浸金各因素影响研究现状

硫代硫酸盐浸金技术是非氰浸金技术研发的重点，特别是铜-氨-硫代硫酸盐体系因浸出速率快、环保、碱性腐蚀性小和适应含砷含碳难处理矿石等优势而受到了持续关注。探明不同种类硫代硫酸盐的作用、常见载金矿物的吸附、矿物的催化分解作用、矿物的离子释放影响、重金属离子的溶解及不同阴离子对反应历程、浸出过程和浸金效果的影响，能更好地为硫代硫酸盐浸金的应用发展指明方向。研究表明，硫代硫酸盐浸出过程中，硫代硫酸盐会因阳离子不同而适用于不同类型的矿物，而不同的载金矿物也会因自身的特性而呈现出不同的吸附、溶解和催化分解能力。同时，浸出体系中矿物溶解释放的阳离子浓度和形式的不同会对体系产生有利或不利的影响。由于药剂的添加和硫代硫酸根的分解等因素引入的阴离子会对体系产生完全不同的作用。为了消除干扰因素对浸出体系造成的影响，可以通过添加磷酸盐、EDTA和CMC等添加剂改善浸出过程和效果。

Research Status of Factors Influence on Leaching of Gold with Thiosulfate

Thiosulfate leaching technology has become the focus of research and development of non-cyanide gold leaching technology.Especially，the copper-ammonia-thiosulfate system has been studied in-depth and long-term，because of the advantages of leaching fast，environmental friendly，less corrosive alkaline and suitable treatment of refractory ore with arsenic or carbon.There are many factors could impact on the leaching process and leaching results greatly.Such as，the type of thiosulfate，the capacity of common mineral adsorption，catalytic and decomposition，ion release in minerals，the dissolution of heavy metal ions，anion participation in the reaction process，leaching process and gold leaching effect.The impact of the various factors on the leaching process were summarized in this paper，which could be conducive to the development and improvement of thiosulfate leaching of gold.In leaching process，the type of thiosulfate salts was determined to treat different types of minerals，and different gold bearing minerals show different abilities of adsorption，dissolution and catalytic decomposition.At the same time，the effect of heavy metallic ions released by minerals on gold dissolution strongly depended on the type of ion and concentrations.Anions from reagents，the decomposition of thiosulfate and other aspects，show completely different effects on the leaching system.By adding phosphates，EDTA，CMC and other additives can improve the leaching environment and eliminate adverse effects.