多模式融合的古建筑模型构建方法

古建筑的三维数字化研究是当前古建筑保护的重要途径。由于古建筑结构复杂、构件精细,利用单一的手段对其进行三维模型构建均存在不同程度的缺陷。其中地面三维激光扫描虽能快速获取古建筑的三维点云数据,但由于地面激光扫描仪架设的局限性,使古建筑顶部构件存在扫描盲区。针对该问题,通过介绍地面三维激光扫描技术与航摄影像建模这两种建模方式,从工作原理和数据获取、数据处理流程入手,分析两者各自的优势,提出了对两种建模技术进行融合的模型构建方法。通过重建了古建筑完整的三维立体模型,评估分析了模型的接缝偏差。最后利用高精度全站仪进行精度检核,实验结果证明了该模型构建方法的可行性。

The consilience of modes about the establishment on historic building models

Three-dimensional digitalization is an important approach to conserve ancient architecture at present.Because of the complex structure and elaborate components of ancient architecture,it is defective at varying degrees to adopt single means to construct its 3D model.Although 3D point cloud data of ancient architecture can be obtained fast through terrestrial 3D laser scanning,there exist blind regions in the top components of the building because of the limitation of the erection of terrestrial laser scanner.With regard to this problem,terrestrial 3D laser scanning and modeling based on aerial image are both introduced.Based on the advantages of the two approaches from technical principle,data acquisition and data processing,the integration of the two approaches is put forward.The seam deviation of model fusion is accessed and analyzed by reconstructing the whole 3D model of historic building.At last,high-precision total station is used to check its precision,and the experimental results indicate that the integration is feasible.