基于单光子的星载激光水下目标探测深度研究

卫星对海探测具有大面积同步观测、全天时工作、不受领海领空限制等优点。为此,本文分析了卫星对海探测的激光链路损耗,构建了星载激光水下目标探测能量传输模型,探讨了基于单光子机制的星载激光对水下目标探测的极限深度。结果表明,在Ⅰ类海区,对于水下等效直径为2 m的物体,星载激光在200 km高度对水下目标探测的最大深度为212 m。因此,在中低轨道开展星载激光对深海水下目标进行探测是可能的。本文的研究工作为进一步开展星载激光深海水下目标探测提供支持。

Study on detection depth of underwater target based on spaceborne laser single photon detection

Satellite-to-sea exploration has the advantages of large-area synchronous observation,full-day operation,and no restrictions on territorial waters and airspace.The laser link loss of satellite-to-sea observation was analyzed,and the energy transmission model of the spaceborne laser underwater target detection was built,and the corresponding limit detection depth based on single-photon detectors was discussed.The results show that in the case of the first class sea area and 200 km orbital height,the maximum detecting depth achieves 212 m to the underwater targets with an equivalent diameter of 2 m.Therefore,it is possible to detect the deep-sea underwater targets by spaceborne laser in the medium or low orbit.This research provides a support for further development of the deep-sea underwater target detection by spaceborne laser.