海产品加工副产物中磷脂的研究进展

我国海洋生物资源丰富，海产品加工业发展较快，鱼、虾、贝类等加工过程中产生大量的副产物，造成资源的严重浪费以及环境的污染。许多海产品加工副产物中含有丰富的磷脂，海洋磷脂由于含有丰富的二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和二十碳五烯酸（EPA）等多不饱和脂肪酸侧链而具有极高的营养价值，将这些磷脂成分进行高值化利用对减少资源浪费、降低企业成本、增加企业经济效益、改善生态环境等均具有非常重要的意义。综述了海产品加工副产物来源磷脂的提取制备、成分分析及生物活性等方面的研究进展，以期为海产品进一步的综合利用和精深加工提供一定的理论参考。

Progress on phospholipids in by-products of seafood processing

The marine biological resources in China are very rich, and the seafood processing industry is developing rapidly. A large amount of by-products are produced during the processing of fishes, shrimps and shellfishes, causing serious waste of resources and environmental pollution. Marine phospholipids are extremely valuable due to their rich side chains of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as EPA and DHA. Many seafood processing by-products have abundant phospholipids, and the high-value utilization of these phospholipid components is of great significance for reducing waste of resources and enterprise costs, increasing enterprise economic benefits, and improving the ecological environment. The research progress in the preparation, composition analysis and biological activity of phospholipids derived from seafood processing by-products was summarized, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the further comprehensive utilization and deep processing of seafood.