不同配比的荞麦日粮对高胆固醇血症小鼠肠道胆固醇吸收和菌群的影响（网络首发、推荐阅读）

研究不同比例荞麦日粮，对高胆固醇脂血症小鼠肠道胆固醇吸收和排出功能及肠道菌群的影响。小鼠分别饲喂AIN-93M标准饲料空白组，高胆固醇饲料模型组、高胆固醇饲料+荞麦低剂量组、高胆固醇饲料+荞麦高剂量组，饲喂12周。结果显示，不同比例荞麦日粮均能降低血液中胆固醇含量，修复小肠受损结构。相对于模型组，荞麦日粮组能提高小肠的ABCG5/ABCG8（ATP binding cassette transporter subfamily G members 5/8）信使核糖核酸（mRNA）表达量，减少NPC1L1（Niemann-Pick type C 1 like 1）蛋白的mRNA表达量，进而减少小肠对胆固醇的吸收。不同比例的荞麦日粮可以极显著升高小鼠肠ABCA1、SR- B1基因表达，提升肠道中胆固醇的逆向转运。相比模型组，高比例荞麦日粮大幅度促进肠道菌群的丰度，而低比例荞麦日粮对肠道菌群的丰度有负面作用。

Research on the Effects of Various Intake Levels of Buckwheat on Intestinal Function and Intestinal Flora in Hypercholesterolemic Mice(Online First, Recommended Article)

The effect of diets containing different proportions of buckwheat on intestinal function of cholesterol absorption and excretion and intestinal microbiota in hypercholesterolemic mice were studied. The mice were divided into four groups where they were fed with AIN-93M standard diet (control group), a high-cholesterol diet (model group), a high-cholesterol diet + low-dose of buckwheat diet, and a high-cholesterol diet + high-dose of buckwheat diet, respectively. The results showed that diets containing different proportions of buckwheat can all repaired the damaged structure of small intestine to certain extent. Compared with the model group, diets containing different proportions of buckwheat increased the mRNA expression levels of ATP binding cassette transporter subfamily G members 5/8 (ABCG5/ABCG8), and reduced the mRNA expression level of Niemann-Pick type C 1, such as 1 (NPC1L1) protein, in the small intestine, which in turn reduced the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestine. Diets containing different proportions of buckwheat significantly increased the expression of mouse intestinal ABCA1 and SR-B1 genes expression level, which promoted reverse cholesterol transport in the intestine. Compared to the model group, the diet containing a high proportion of buckwheat greatly promoted the abundance of the intestinal microbiota. On the contrary, the diet containing a low proportion of buckwheat had a negative effect on the abundance of the intestinal microbiota.