临近空间球载望远镜概述及发展趋势

概述了临近空间球载望远镜的发展现状,阐述了优缺点及高应用价值。根据学科分类介绍了国外几种典型的球载望远镜任务,它们代表了当前临近空间球载望远镜发展的最高技术水平。从高力热稳定性的光机结构和精确指向及稳像两个方面论述了球载望远镜的结构特点及关键技术。最后,总结了球载望远镜系统的发展趋势,指出其在长时间高环境适应性、光学系统、口径、指向精度及稳定性、主动光学技术等方面具有较大应用前景。临近空间优越而又廉价的平台资源,为行星遥感探测提供了得天独厚的机会。不久的将来,临近空间球载望远镜进行天体观测将成为一种趋势。

Overview and developing trends of balloon-borne telescopes in near-space

The developing status of balloon-borne telescopes in near-space is reviewed in this paper.The advantages and disadvantages of balloon-borne telescopes and the summary on high appliance values of balloon-borne telescopes are given.According to subject classification,several kinds of typical balloon-borne telescope tasks are introduced,which represent the topmost technological level.The structural characteristics and key technologies of the balloon-borne telescopes are discussed from the aspects of high-force thermal stability optomechanical structure and precise pointing and stabilization.Finally,it summarizes the developing trends of balloon-borne telescopes and it is point out that it has great application prospects in long-term high environmental adaptability,optical systems,aperture,pointing accuracy and stability,active optical technology and so on.The superior and cheap platform resources in near-space provide a unique opportunity for planetary remote sensing.In the future,astronomical observations in balloon-borne telescopes in near-space will become a trend.