Tuning substrate roughness to improve uniform growth and photocurrent response in anodic TiO2 nanotube arrays |
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Affiliation: | 1. Faculty of Materials Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran;2. Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;1. Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Education Ministry, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, PR China;2. Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 99 Haike Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai 201210, PR China;3. Department of Creative Industry, Kainan University, No. 1, Kainan Road, Luchu, Taoyuan County 338, Taiwan, ROC |
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Abstract: | Here we report on the effect of Ti substrate surface roughness on the morphology of anodized TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNAs), as well as their crystal structure and photocurrent response measured in the backside illuminated dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). TNAs grown on Ti substrates with higher roughness exhibited a non-uniform morphology, which encompassed both thick and thin-walled nanotubes. Reduction of the substrate roughness by different polishing methods causes the morphology of all of nanotubes to become uniform with thin wall thickness. Moreover, the compressive strain was reduced by decreasing the roughness according to the X-ray diffraction patterns. DSSCs fabricated using TNAs grown on the smoothest substrate showed a significantly higher conversion efficiency than that of the TNAs grown on the roughest substrate by a factor of 100%. Furthermore, TNAs grown on the smoothest substrate showed higher electron lifetime and lower recombination. Therefore, it has an enhancing effect on the photocurrent response of the anodized TNAs in backside illuminated DSSCs. |
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Keywords: | Titanium substrate roughness Backside illuminated dye-sensitized solar cells XRD SEM TEM |
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