Vegetable cultivation under greenhouse conditions leads to rapid accumulation of nutrients,acidification and salinity of soils and groundwater contamination in South-Eastern China |
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Authors: | Wei-Ming Shi Jing Yao Feng Yan |
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Affiliation: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science,The Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,P. R. China;2.Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding,Justus Liebig University,Gie?en,Germany |
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Abstract: | Vegetable cultivation during winter season is economically profitable, but the impact of the intensive production on soil
and water quality remains to be studied. The objectives of this study were to investigate the seasonal dynamics of soil nutrients,
acidification and salt accumulation in vegetable fields in South-Eastern China. Various vegetables were grown either under
open-field conditions or under two different alternating open-field and greenhouse conditions with three replications. Soil
samples were collected periodically and analyzed for pH, plant available nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), electrical
conductivity (EC), and urease activity. Water samples from wells located in or near the plots were collected and analyzed
for nitrate. Soil nitrate, available phosphate and salt concentrations declined in summer under open-field conditions and
significantly increased from December to May under greenhouse conditions. Exchangeable K also decreased in summer season,
but did not increase in the spring. Under alternating open-field and greenhouse conditions, nutrient accumulation, soil salinity
and acidification were significantly higher for soil used for vegetable cultivation for 2 years (2-y-plot) than that for only
half year (0.5-y-plot). The accumulation of nitrate significantly correlated with soil EC and soil acidification. Thirty-two
percent of groundwater samples from the 2-y-plot showed a nitrate concentration higher than 50 mg NO3 l−1. Conversely, no groundwater sample of 0.5-y-plot showed such high nitrate concentration. It can be concluded that the nitrate
accumulation in soil used for vegetable cultivation under alternating open-field and greenhouse conditions not only causes
soil salinization and soil acidification but also presents a high pollution potential for groundwater. |
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Keywords: | Greenhouse soil Nutrient accumulation Seasonal dynamics Soil acidification Soil salinity |
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