汽车涂装废水处理技术的研究进展

汽车涂装中产生大量的工业废水，主要包括脱脂废水、磷化废水、电泳废水和喷漆废水等,其典型污染物为重金属离子、表面活性剂、油漆颗粒、磷酸盐等，是一类复杂及难处理的高浓度工业废水。依据废水中所含污染物的不同，对涂装各工序废水进行分质预处理可有效地去除磷酸盐、重金属离子、悬浮固体、油类物质等污染物，有利于减轻后续生物或高级处理单元的负荷，提高整个处理系统的效率。本文综述近年来汽车涂装废水处理方面的研究成果或实践，旨在总结预处理工艺及主体处理工艺的优点及存在的不足，希望为汽车涂装废水处理达标排放及循环回用提供一些借鉴。

The Progress in Wastewater Treatment Technology in Automobile Painting Process

A large quantity of wastewater is produced in the automobile painting process， mainly including wastewater from degreasing，phosphating，electrophoresis，and spraying processes，etc. It is a complex and difficult type of industrial effluent with high concentration of various pollutants，such as heavy metal ions，surfactants，paint particles，phosphates，etc. According to the different pollutants contained in the wastewater，proper pretreatment of the wastewater through various processes to effectively remove pollutants such as phosphate，heavy metal ions，suspended solids and oils is beneficial to reduce the pollutant loading and increase effectiveness of subsequent biological and further treatment processes unit. This paper reviewed the practices and research development of wastewater treatment technology in automotive painting industry in recent years. It was expected to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of pretreatment processes and main treatment processes，providing some useful guide for the reuse and recycling and compliant discharge in automotive painting industry for their wastewater treatment.