海参多糖生物学活性及其作用机制研究进展

海参中多糖含量丰富，占海参干质量6%以上，具有抗肿瘤、抗凝血、抗氧化及抗帕金森病等多种生物学活性，在保健食品和药品开发方面具有广阔的应用前景。海参多糖的结构特性如分子质量、硫酸化模式及硫酸基含量等对其生物学活性具有很大影响，因此研究海参多糖结构对揭示其生物学活性及作用机制具有重要意义。本文在介绍海参多糖结构特性的基础上，重点综述其生物学活性及作用机制，同时总结海参多糖结构对其生物学活性的影响，最后对海参多糖的发展前景进行展望，以期为海参多糖的精深加工和应用提供理论支持。

Recent Progress in the Biological Activity and Mechanism of Action of Sea Cucumber Polysaccharides

Sea cucumbers are rich in polysaccharides, which account for more than 6% of the mass of dried sea cucumbers. Sea cucumber polysaccharides have a variety of biological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-coagulation, anti-oxidation and anti-Parkinson functions, making them promising candidates for the development of dietary supplements and pharmaceuticals. The structure characteristics of sea cucumber polysaccharides, such as molecular mass, sulfation patterns and sulfate group contents, have great impact on their biological activity. Therefore, studying the structure of sea cucumber polysaccharides is important for understanding their biological activity and action mechanism. In this article, the structural characteristics of sea cucumber polysaccharides are summarized. A special focus is put on the biological activities and action mechanisms of sea cucumber polysaccharides and the effects of their structures on biological activity. Finally, we conclude with some perspectives on the future development of sea cucumber polysaccharides. This review is expected to provide theoretical support for their deep processing and applications in the future.