单核细胞增生李斯特菌菌株分型与其致病潜力基因相关性研究进展

单核细胞增生李斯特菌是一种常见的食源性致病菌，该菌分型繁多。不同分型的单核细胞增生李斯特菌致病潜力不同，这与菌株所携带的抗性基因和毒力基因不同有关。本文综述了不同分型单核细胞增生李斯特菌与抗性基因和毒力基因的关系，结果发现与该菌抗性相关的基因，如热抗性、耐冷性、酸抗性、耐高渗、耐干燥、耐金属和杀菌剂及参与应激蛋白表达调控的基因较多，它们与分型之间的关系暂无明确相关性结论，但也发现应激生存岛（stress survival island，SSI）-1仅存在于谱系I和谱系II部分菌株中，SSI-2目前仅被发现在ST121菌株中携带。从功能毒力基因和李斯特菌毒力基因岛（Listeria pathogenicity islands，LIPI）两方面分述了毒力基因，LIPI-3和LIPI-4主要存在于谱系I菌株中。此外，ST5、ST8、ST9和ST121菌株的inlA基因中出现提前终止密码子，使得菌株的毒力降低。研究不同分型单核细胞增生李斯特菌致病潜力基因的差异有助于单核细胞增生李斯特菌的预警预测、防控，并为不同分型菌株致病机制的深入研究提供参考。

Advances in the Correlation between the Subtyping of Listeria monocytogenes and Its Pathogenic Potential Genes

Listeria monocytogenes is a common foodborne pathogen that can be classified into many subtypes. Different subtypes of L. monocytogenes have different pathogenic potentials, depending on their resistance and virulence genes. This review article summarizes the relationship between different subtypes of L. monocytogenes and its potential pathogenic genes. It is found that L. monocytogenes has many heat, cold resistance, acid, hypertonic stress, desiccation, metal and disinfectant resistance genes and genes involved in the regulation of stress protein expression. To date, there has been no clear conclusion on the relationship between these genes and subtyping, although stress survival island 1 has been found to exist only in some strains of lineage I and II. Stress survival island 2 has been found only in ST121 strains. The virulence genes of L. monocytogenes are reviewed from the aspects of functional virulence genes and Listeria pathogenicity islands (LIPI). LIPI-3 and LIPI-4 are mainly found in lineage I strains. Premature stop codons appear in advance in the inlA gene of the ST5, ST8, ST9 and ST121 strains, reducing the virulence of the strains. Therefore, exploring the differences in the potential pathogenic genes in different subtypes of L. monocytogenes will help prevent and control Listeria monocytogenes contamination.