某离子型稀土矿浸出试验

以中国南方地区某离子型稀土矿为研究对象，采用搅拌浸出和柱浸的方式，研究不同条件下矿样中稀土及杂质元素的浸出情况，为离子型稀土矿产资源的绿色高效开采提供参考。结果表明，浸出液固比对离子相稀土浸出率影响较大，浸出时间影响较小，离子相稀土浸出过程时间短，反应迅速；柱浸过程中离子相稀土流出速率最快，达到平衡时间短，杂质元素前期浸出浓度高，后续拖尾严重；离子相稀土浸出率随着样品深度的增加不断降低，符合南方离子型稀土成矿规律；硫酸铵浸出过程中铵根离子损失量较大，最低损失率超过11.31%，硫酸根不参与金属离子的交换反应过程，回收率最高可达99.22%。

Experiment of Leaching of Ion-type Rare Earth Ore

By applying stirring leaching and column leaching method, ion-type rare earth ore in South China was studied to investigate leaching of rare earth and impurity elements in mineral samples under different conditions, which provides a reference for green and efficient mining of ion-type rare earth mineral resources. The results show that ratio of solid to liquid of leaching solution has a greater impact on leaching rate of ionic phase rare earths, while leaching time has little effect. Leaching process of ionic phase rare earths takes a short time and reacts quickly. During column leaching, ion phase rare earth elution rate is the fastest and equilibrium time is short. The impurity element concentration in leaching solution is high in the early stage, but the subsequent smearing is serious. Leaching rate of ionic phase rare earths drops with increase of sampling depth, which is in line with southern ion-type rare earth mineralization law. During ammonium sulfate leaching, loss of ammonium ion is serious, and the minimum loss rate exceeds 11.31%. Sulfate ion does not participate in the exchange reaction process of metal ions, so the overall recovery rate can reach up to 99.22%.