广州城乡老年人住宅夏季室内环境调查与实测

广州夏季高温高湿，基于广州城乡老年人的室内环境差异，通过问卷调查了解了116 名广州城乡老年人的室内居住环境， 并对5 户典型城市及5 户典型农村65 岁以上居民住宅的夏季室内环境进行了对比实测研究，测量每户住宅的客厅，卧室和卫 生间的温度、相对湿度及CO2、CO、PM2.5、挥发性有机物浓度。研究表明，广州农村住户夏季主要使用风扇降温，仅有约三 分之一住户同时使用空调，而城市住户均使用空调，大部分住户同时使用风扇；广州农村住户夏季室内平均空气温度比城市住 户低0.8 ℃，平均相对湿度比城市住户高21.6%；通风较差的住户室内CO2 浓度相对较高，所有实测城市及农村住户的CO、 PM2.5 的浓度都低于国家标准规定的极限值；广州城市住户的室内外PM2.5 浓度及室内总挥发性有机物的浓度总体高于农村住户。 广州农村老年人住宅应加强防潮处理，城市老年人住宅应加强通风换气，优选环保家具。

The Survey and Field Measurements of the Summer Indoor Environment of Urban and Rural Elderly Residential Buildings in Guangzhou

It is hot and humid during the summer in Guangzhou. Based on the difference in the urban and rural indoor environments where Guangzhou elderly live, the study seeks to explore the indoor environment of 116 urban and rural elderly in Guangzhou through a questionnaire survey. The investigation is conducted on the summer indoor environment by measuring and comparing five typical urban households and five typical rural households of 65+ elderly individuals. The temperature, relative humidity, and CO2, CO, PM2.5, VOC concentrations in the living room, bedroom, and bathroom of each house were measured. The study shows that rural households in Guangzhou mainly avoid summer heat using fans. Meanwhile, only about one-third of households use air conditioners. At the same time, all the urban residents use air conditioners, and most of them also use fans. Additionally, the average indoor air temperature in rural households in Guangzhou is 0.8 ° C lower than that of urban households. Further, the average relative humidity is 21.6% higher than that of urban households. The indoor CO2 concentration of households with poor ventilation is relatively high. The concentrations of CO and PM2.5 in all measured urban and rural households are lower than the national standards' limited values. The indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentrations and total indoor VOCs in urban households are generally higher than those in rural households. According to the research findings, Guangzhou rural elderly housing should be strengthened to prevent excessive moisture. Further, urban elderly housing conditions should be enhanced concerning ventilation, and the elderly should be encouraged to use ecological and sustainable furniture.