一种对高速运动目标的单光子测距方法

作为一种前沿的激光探测技术，单光子激光测距技术已成功应用于月球测距、卫星测距和地面测高等领域。然而，单光子测距在机载空对空、地对空平台上对高速运动目标进行跟踪测距时，回波光子落在不同的时间窗，导致直接计数无法有效提取信号的问题仍需解决。针对空对空条件下单光子激光测距的应用需求，基于时间相关光子计数技术设计一种适用于全天时、宽时域、多噪声条件下对高速运动目标的单光子测距方法。该方法采用阵列单光子探测器和相邻时间窗相关统计多帧处理算法提取激光回波光子信号，并在Matlab平台上对算法进行仿真实验，使用多元阵列单光子探测器实现最大测程百公里以上、背景噪声计数率约为5 MHz、单脉冲回波光子计数平均值为1条件下的回波光子信号提取。该方法能够克服传统单光子探测只能对准静态目标测距，只能在小接收视场和小波门范围等弱背景噪声及目标轨迹可预测条件下应用的限制，将单光子探测由只能固定平台夜晚对准静态目标测距推广至通用平台全天时对高速运动目标测距。

A single photon ranging method for high speed moving targets

As a cutting edge laser detection technology,single photon laser ranging technology has been successfully applied in the fields of lunar ranging,satellite ranging,and ground measurement. However,single photon ranging still needs to be solved when tracking and ranging high speed moving targets on airborne air to air and ground to air platforms,where the echo photons fall in different time windows,resulting in direct counting that cannot effectively extract the signals. Aiming at the application requirements of single photon laser ranging under air to air conditions,a single photon ranging method is designed based on time dependent photon counting technology for high speed moving targets under full time,wide time domain,and multi noise conditions. The laser echo photon signals are extracted using arrayed single photon detectors and the adjacent time window correlation statistical multi frame processing algorithm,and simulation experiments are carried out on the Matlab platform. The echo photon signals are extracted under the conditions that the maximum range is more than 100km,the background noise count rate is about 5 MHz,and the average value of the single pulse echo photon count is 1 using the multivariate array single photon detector. This method can overcome the limitations of traditional single photon detection,which can only be aligned to static target ranging,and can only be applied in weak background noise and predictable target trajectory conditions such as small receiving field of view and wavelet gate range. The single photon detection can be extended from the range finding of static targets at night on a fixed platform to the range finding of high speed moving targets all day on a general platform.