Physicochemical properties of amide–AlCl_3 based ionic liquid analogues and their mixtures with copper salt

The physicochemical properties of three different amide–AlCl_3 based ionic liquid(IL) analogues and their mixtures with copper salt, such as conductivity, viscosity, density and isobutane solubility were determined over a wide range of temperatures.The effects of amide structure, amide/AlCl_3 molar ratio and CuCl modification on these physicochemical properties were investigated.Results showed that the conductivity of amide–AlCl_3 based IL analogues was much lower than that of traditional Et_3NHCl–AlCl_3 IL with same ligand/AlCl_3 molar ratio due to incomplete splitting of AlCl_3, whereas the density and viscosity of amide–AlCl_3 based IL analogues were slightly higher.The viscosity of amide–AlCl_3 based IL analogues was closely related to the amide structure,and followed the order of DMA–AlCl_3AA–AlCl_3NMA–AlCl_3 with same amide/AlCl_3 molar ratio.Meanwhile,the density of amide–AlCl_3 based IL analogues ranked in the following order: AA–AlCl_3NMA–AlCl_3DMA–AlCl_3.Increasing the amide/AlCl_3 molar ratio decreased the conductivity and density, while increased the viscosity.The solubility experiment indicated that the isobutane solubility in NMA–AlCl_3 was highest than that in two other IL analogues.Under the modification of CuCl, the conductivity, viscosity and density of these IL analogues increased, whereas the isobutane solubility decreased.These results provide the foundation for the development of a suitable IL analogue catalyst for isobutane alkylation.

Physicochemical properties of amide–AlCl3 based ionic liquid analogues and their mixtures with copper salt

The physicochemical properties of three different amide-AlCl₃ based ionic liquid (IL) analogues and their mixtures with copper salt, such as conductivity, viscosity, density and isobutane solubility were determined over a wide range of temperatures. The effects of amide structure, amide/AlCl₃ molar ratio and CuCl modification on these physicochemical properties were investigated. Results showed that the conductivity of amide-AlCl₃ based IL analogues was much lower than that of traditional Et₃NHCl-AlCl₃ IL with same ligand/AlCl₃ molar ratio due to incomplete splitting of AlCl₃, whereas the density and viscosity of amide-AlCl₃ based IL analogues were slightly higher. The viscosity of amide-AlCl₃ based IL analogues was closely related to the amide structure, and followed the order of DMA-AlCl₃ > AA-AlCl₃ > NMA-AlCl₃ with same amide/AlCl₃ molar ratio. Meanwhile, the density of amide-AlCl₃ based IL analogues ranked in the following order:AA-AlCl₃ > NMA-AlCl₃ > DMA-AlCl₃. Increasing the amide/AlCl₃ molar ratio decreased the conductivity and density, while increased the viscosity. The solubility experiment indicated that the isobutane solubility in NMA-AlCl₃ was highest than that in two other IL analogues. Under the modification of CuCl, the conductivity, viscosity and density of these IL analogues increased, whereas the isobutane solubility decreased. These results provide the foundation for the development of a suitable IL analogue catalyst for isobutane alkylation.