控制滇池生态环境的关键

滇池水污染、生态恶化 ,近 10年综合治理仍未能逆转。认为导致滇池生态恶化的原因主要有三方面 :一是入湖污染物量超过水环境承载能力 ,水污染和水体富营养化 ;二是城市发展超过水资源承载能力 ,难以保证生态环境用水 ;三是滇池逐步演化成半封闭湖泊 ,加上数十年污染负荷剧增 ,加速了生态环境变化由量变到质变的进程。改善滇池生态环境的关键措施有 :综合治理 ,有效控制污染物 ;引水济昆 ,缓解流域水资源匮乏 ,从根本上提高滇池流域水资源及水环境承载能力。

Key to Control of Ecological Environment of Dianchi Lake

The comprehensive remediation of water pollution and ecological environment deterioration in recent ten years for the Dianchi Lake has produced little effect. The causes of ecological environment deterioration in the Dianchi Lake are analyzed: (1) the amount of pollutants discharged to the lake exceeds its bearing capacity, resulting in serious water pollution and eutrophication; (2) the development of cities makes it difficult to guarantee water supply to ecological environment; (3) the Dianchi Lake gradually evolves to a semi enclosed lake. Besides, the sharp increase of serious pollution in the past decades has accelerated the deterioration of ecological environment. Finally, some key measures for improvement of ecological environment are proposed, such as comprehensive remediation and effective control of pollutants, and implementation of water diversion to Kunming to mitigate water resources deficiency, to improve the quality of water resources, and to increase the bearing capacity of water environment of the Dianchi Lake.