Flow phenomena of superfluid helium through a porous plug phase separator |
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| Affiliation: | 1. TRISTAN Project, Main Ring Department, KEK, National Laboratory for High Energy Physics, Oho-machi, Tsukuba-gun, Ibaraki-ken 305, Japan;2. Institute of Engineering Mechanics, University of Tsukuba, Sakura-mura, Niihari-gun, Ibaraki-ken 305, Japan;1. School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;2. School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;1. Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Energy and Climate Research-IEK-1, Jülich, Germany;2. Instituto de Tecnología Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Valencia, Spain;1. Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;1. Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan;2. Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan;3. Nishina Center, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan;4. Department of Space Astronomy and Astrophysics, ISAS/JAXA, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 220-8510, Japan;1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Energy Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | A porous plug, which separates vapour from superfluid helium (He II), is an indispensable component for space cryogenics. Precise measurement of the temperature distribution inside a number of porous plugs has been successfully carried out to reveal the actual flow phenomena of superfluid helium and the vapour flow through the plugs. It was found that He II flows ideally through the upstream portion of the porous plug, thus the London equation can be applied there. Superfluid helium turns into vapour near the exit of the porous plug. The flow of the normal component of He II remained laminar in the cases examined in the experiment. The liquid-vapour phase boundary was formed just at the exit of the porous plug and moved toward the upstream side as the mass flow rate increased. A thermodynamic consideration of He II phase separation using a porous plug is also presented in this Paper. |
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