益生菌发酵番茄汁对小鼠抗疲劳和肠道菌群的调节作用

为研究益生菌发酵番茄汁（probiotic fermented tomato juice，PFTJ）的抗疲劳和肠道菌群调节作用，将40 只雄性ICR 小鼠随机分成4 组，分别为空白对照组、阳性对照组（0.06 g/kg）、PFTJ 低剂量组（5 mg/kg）和PFTJ 高剂量组（15 mg/kg）。通过测定各组小鼠负重力竭游泳时间、生化指标及与能量代谢相关基因的表达，评价PFTJ 抗疲劳作用，并分析其对肠道菌群的影响。结果表明，与空白对照组相比，高剂量PFTJ 能明显延长小鼠负重力竭游泳时间，降低尿素氮、乳酸和丙二醛含量，提高肌糖原的含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性和谷胱甘肽还原酶活性，并能显著提高小鼠骨骼肌中AMPK 和PGC-1α 的mRNA 表达水平。PFTJ 可以增加肠道菌群多样性，上调乳酸杆菌属、norɑnk_f_Muribɑculɑceɑes 属相对丰度，下调丹毒丝菌科菌群的相对丰度。PFTJ 具有潜在的抗疲劳能力，这与减少代谢物质积累、抑制糖原消耗、抗氧化、激活AMPK/PGC-1α 通路直接相关，并可能通过调节小鼠肠道菌群群落结构间接实现其抗疲劳效果。

Anti-fatigue Activity and Regulation on Intestinal Microflora of Probiotic Fermented Tomato Juice in Mice

This study was conducted to explore the effects of probiotic fermented tomato juice（PFTJ）on antifatigue and intestinal microflora in mice. Forty male ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups:blank control group,positive control group（0.06 g/kg）,low-dose and high-dose PFTJ groups（5 and 15 mg/kg）.The anti-fatigue effect of PFTJ was assessed by load-bearing swimming exhaustion time,biochemistry indicators and the expression of genes related to energy metabolism.Furthermore,the composition and structure of intestinal microflora were analyzed.The results showed that high-dose PFTJ could significantly prolong the swimming time under load exhaustion,lower the levels of blood urea nitrogen（BUN）,serum lactic acid（LA）and malondialdehyde（MDA）,as well as increase the levels of muscle glycogen,superoxide dismutase（SOD）and glutathione peroxidase（GSH-PX）in comparison with the blank control group.Additionally,PFTJ significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of AMPK and PGC-1α in mouse skeletal muscles. PFTJ also increased the diversity of intestinal microflora. The abundance of Lɑctobɑcillus and norɑnk_f_Muribɑculɑceɑe was up-regulated,while the proportion of Erysipelotrichɑceɑe was down-regulated.The results suggest that PFTJ has potential anti-fatigue ability,which is directly associated with decreasing metabolites accumulation,inhibiting glycogen depletion,antioxidation and activating AMPK/ PGC-1α signaling pathway. The anti-fatigue activities of PFTJ may be indirectly achieved by regulating the community structure of intestinal microflora in mice.