基于离散元方法的急倾斜极薄矿脉机械化开采爆破参数仿真优化

急倾斜极薄矿脉留矿法开采爆破空间规整平齐是实现小型采矿机器人高效通行和稳定作业的关键因素。为了提高狭小空间爆破光面控制效果，采用离散元方法和黏结颗粒模型耦合仿真方法，开展了不同炮孔参数条件下急倾斜极薄矿脉爆破模拟，以爆破空间轮廓规整性系数为评价指标，对急倾斜极薄矿脉炮孔布置方式和参数进行了优化。研究结果表明：同等排距和孔距条件下，矩形方式布孔的爆破规整性系数最高，矩形+间隔空孔布孔方式爆破规整性系数次之，之字形炮孔布置方式爆破效果最差；结合爆破经济性指标和采场断面规整性系数综合考虑，对于急倾斜极薄矿脉机械化开采，推荐采用矩形+间隔空孔装药的爆破方式，炮孔排距0.4 m，孔距0.8 m。

Simulation and optimization of blasting parameters for mechanized mining of steeply inclined thin veins based on discrete element method

It is the key factor to realize the high efficiency and stable operation of small-sized mining robots that the blasting space is regular and even in steep and extremely thin vein shrinkage mining. To improve the smooth surface control effect of blasting in narrow space, the discrete element method (DEM) and the coupled simulation method of bonded particle model are adopted, the blasting effect of steeply inclined extremely thin veins under different blasting parameters was studied, and the blasting layout and parameters were optimized by taking the regularity of blasting spatial profile as the evaluation index. The results show that, under the same row and hole spacing, the regularity coefficient of the rectangular hole arrangement is the highest, and that of the rectangle and interval empty hole is the second. Combined with the economic index of blasting and the regularity coefficient of the stope section, the blasting method of rectangle and interval empty hole charge is recommended, the best mesh parameters of the holes is 0.4 m×0.8 m.