作物组合种植节水增产试验研究

在山西省15个试验节点，采用田间小区试验方法，对30种作间套种组合种植模式进行了历时6年的灌溉试验研究。结果表明，作物组合种植具有显著的节水增产效果，其单位耗水产量和产值分别可达到1.25～2.04kg/m∧3和1.25～2.45元/m∧3，较传统单作种植高0.08～0.45kg/m∧3和0.25～0.65元/m∧3，其节水增产的机理为：间作套种作物需水高峰期不同步和相邻条带间根层土壤水分的相互调节，在一定程度上缓解了作物受旱程度；组合种植的局部灌溉明显地减少了作物棵间土壤表面无效蒸发量；利用作物间播不同和生长期不同，通过适当的组合，实现了对光、热、水等资源的充分利用；作物条带种植时的边行增产效应。

Experimental Study of Production Increase Through Water Saving and Combining Inter-plantation of Plants

Irrigation experimental study of 6 years had been carried out for 30 varieties of interplantation crop combination patterns in 15 sites and stations in Shanxi province by using field plot test. The results demonstrated that there are evident water saving and production increase effects for crop interplantation combination, by which grain production and value output per cubic meter of water consumption can be reached 1.25 to 2.04 kg and 1.25 to 2.45 Yuan respectively that are 0.08 to 0.45 kg and 0.25 to 0.65 Yuan higher than conventional single plantation way. Mechanism of water saving is the different periods of water requirement for various crops and mutual adjustment of root layer soil moisture at adjacent stripes, which alleviates the drought in some extent; local irrigation of combining crops can greatly decrease invalid evaporation from land surface; full use of light, heat and water resources is realized through appropriate combination by using different seeding times and growing times for different crops; as well as the side line production increase effect of stripe plantation of crops is also one of the reasons.