转炉溅渣护炉技术的发展及现状

溅渣护炉充分利用了转炉终渣并采用氮气作为喷吹动力,是转炉技术一个大的进步。采用溅渣护炉不仅可减少炉衬蚀损、提高炉龄,而且可减轻工人劳动强度和操作费用,提高生产率。合理控制终渣成分、留渣量、出钢温度和枪位是取得良好的溅渣护炉效果的关键技术和必备条件。我国转炉因具有容量小、数量多、生产负荷大、半钢冶炼转炉原料条件差、热源不足、复吹转炉底吹元件寿命低等特点,使得我国溅渣护炉技术朝多元化方向发展,适宜于各种炉型和原料条件以及工艺特点的溅渣护炉技术蓬勃发展,尤其在复吹溅渣护炉技术方面,已达到先进水平。但转炉经济炉龄还不确定,氮气源还不足,调渣剂的成分还不能动态调整,溅渣时间和枪位还不能自动控制,今后应积极探索终渣动态调整以及溅渣自动控制等技术。

Progress and Status of BOF Protection Technology by Slag Splashing

It is a big progress for the converter using the finishing slag to prevent the furnace and the nitrogen as the splashing power. Slag splashing technology can not only reduce the furnace lining erosion, prolong the furnace life, but also decrease the manual intensity and the operating cost, thus enhances the productivity. The key technology and essential conditions to obtain good splashes effect are to control the ingredients and quantities of finishing slag, the tapping temperature and the gun position reasonably. As the domestic converter has low capacity, big production load, the bad raw materials for the semi-steel converter, the insufficient heat source and low life of bottom blowing component of combined blown converter, the slag splashing technology is developing towards the multiple direction, so that the slag splashing technology can be suitable for various converter, raw materials and operational characteristics. The combined blown converter has reached the advance standards. However the economical furnace life of converter is indefinite, the nitrogen source for slag splashing is also insufficient, the ingredient of slag modifier cannot be adjusted dynamically, the splashing time and the gun position cannot be controlled automatically, so the finishing slag dynamic adjusting and automatic control technologies should be developed in the future.