静重式力标准机砝码交换力平衡控制技术

静重式力标准机利用少量的砝码，进行相等力值间隔逐级加、卸荷时，需要交换砝码。当砝码进行交换时出现逆负荷现象，会对被检测力仪的示值产生影响。阐述了静重式力标准机采用的交换砝码方法是建立在利用弹性力替代砝码重力，砝码交换过程中重力与弹性力达到平衡的基本原理。提出了实现静重式力标准机砝码交换时系统达到力平衡的一种预加荷装置，经砝码交换力平衡控制的力学分析与实验验证，静重式力标准机采用预加负荷实施倒码力平衡控制的方法在理论上和技术上是可行的、有效的。

Control technology of force balance in exchanging weights on deadweight force standard machine

Weights exchanges are common used in deadweight force standard machine when weight of equal value interval are uploaded and/or downloaded step by step. But the counter-force phenomenon could occur and the indication of testing dynamometer would be influenced.The paper presented the exchanging weights principle based on counterpoising the elastic force and the gravity of weights and introduced a preloading device used as force balancing in exchanging weights.This method that force balance control through preloading is feasible and effective theoretically and technically and has been analyzed in mechanics and proved by experiment.