渗氢用钯基膜的研究现状

介绍了渗氢用钯基膜的渗氢机理、影响因素以及制备技术的进展情况。重点阐述了钯基膜的种类及其各自的应用。钯膜的发展经历了从最初的纯钯膜、钯合金膜(主要为钯银、钯钇合金)到目前备受关注并具有良好应用前景的钯及钯基复合膜(如多孔陶瓷、多孔不锈钢基体等)。钯膜的合金化,不仅能提高膜的氢渗透率,而且更重要的是可以提高钯膜的抗氢脆能力,延长钯膜的寿命,扩展钯膜的适用范围。而钯复合膜的研究成功,在保证膜的机械稳定性的前提下,降低了钯膜的厚度及成本,并极大地提高了钯膜的氢渗透率。

Current Status of Palladium Membranes for Hydrogen Permeation

The current developments of palladium membrane for hydrogen permeation were briefly reviewed. The mechanism of permeation hydrogen of palladium membrane was introduced. And the influencing factors,the recent preparation progress were also described. The different kinds of palladium membranes and their applications were discussed with the emphasis in this paper. The development for Pa membranes is from initial pure Pa membranes,Pa alloys membranes (such as Pd-Ag,Pd-Y) to Pd-composite membranes (supported byporous ceramic,or stainless steel etc.) which has promising prospects in their application and much attention was paid to. Alloying of Pa has the effects to increase the hydrogen permeability,enhance the resistance to hydrogen embrittlement,prolong lifetime and extend their application. Pd-composite membranes have sufficient mechanical properties,low costs,and high hydrogen permeability due to its thin thickness.