渣油热效应对焦炭产率的影响

渣油的整体反应热效应不仅可以反映焦化原料的结构组成，而且能直接影响渣油焦化的产物分布，对于焦化生产过程优化起到十分重要的作用。基于渣油热反应评价仪，通过静态微反试验，定量测量渣油在不同温度条件下的反应热效应，考察渣油热效应对焦炭产率的影响，并根据焦化工业装置的试验数据对理论进行验证。结果表明：渣油热反应过程的吸热效应与焦炭产率呈负相关关系；渣油在460 ℃下裂解吸热强于在500 ℃下，渣油轻质化过程中炉管的供热方式宜采用长程低强度的加热方式；延长炉管内介质在低温区的停留时间，提高渣油供热量，可以适度提高渣油进入反应区前的转化程度，增加油品在焦炭塔内的裂解深度，降低焦炭产率，提高液体收率。

INFLUENCE OF HEAT EFFECT OF COKING REACTION ON COKE YIELD

The overall reaction heat effect of residual oil not only reflects coking raw material structure, but also directly affects heavy oil products distribution, so it plays an important role for coking practical production process optimization. In this paper, based on the residual oil thermal reaction evaluation instrument, by static micro-testing, quantitatively measuring the reaction heat effect of residual oil under the condition of different temperature, studying the influence of residual oil thermal effect on coke yield, according to coking industry unit test data to verify theoretical feasibility. The results show that the endothermic effect of residual thermal process is negatively related with coke yield, inferior residual oil cracking endothermic phenomenon at 460 ℃ is stronger than 500 ℃, so it is better for furnace tube to adopt long-range and low intensity heating way. Prolonging the retention time of furnace tube sample in low temperature area and improving the heating load of residual oil, can moderately enhance residual conversion degree before entering reaction zone, can increase the cracking depth of oil sample in coke tower, reducing coke yield and increasing liquid efficiency.