河鲀中河鲀毒素检测研究进展

河鲀毒素(tetrodotoxin,TTX)是一种毒性极强的天然小分子生物碱,无特效解毒剂,中毒潜伏期短,在水产品质量安全领域受到极大关注。本文总结了河鲀毒素的毒性、相关法规、化学性质和反应特点,并对河鲀毒素检测过程中样品前处理以及检测方法进行了总结,并详细综述了河鲀毒素常用的生物检测法、液相色谱荧光检测法、气相色谱串联质谱法、液相色谱串联质谱检测法和免疫及电化学检测方法应用情况,尤其对免疫检测与电化学技术结合的方法进行了分类分析。最后,本文分析了免疫分析过程中竞争型和非竞争型免疫的区别与优缺点,并对新型电化学免疫快速检测的方法开发进行了展望,以期为检测TTX等小分子化合物的新型检测技术的开发提供参考。

Research progress of tetrodotoxin detection in pufferfish

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a highly toxic natural molecule alkaloid with no special antidote and short incubation period. It has attracted great attention in the field of aquatic product safety. In this review, the toxicity, related laws and regulations, chemical structure and properties, and its reaction property of tetrodotoxin were summarized. Furthermore, the development of sample pretreatment method for various detection techniques was introduced. The review also detailed the technology of common bioassay, liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection,gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,as well as the rapid immunoassay, and the electrochemical method. In particular, the various electrochemistry involved immunoassay were categorized and compared in detail. Finally, the differences, advantages and disadvantages of competitive and non-competitive immunoassay were elaborated and the new electro-immunoassay for TTX was proposed in order to provide a possible strategy for the detection of TTX and other small molecules.