库尔勒香梨贮藏品质的量化评价方法

本研究旨在探讨温度对库尔勒香梨贮藏品质变化的影响规律,掌握不同温度贮藏下香梨品质变化状况。以香梨采后实际贮藏条件下的温度(-1、5、25℃)出发,研究了香梨贮藏过程中主要品质指标随时间-温度的变化情况。并进一步建立品质指标变化动力学模型,以期对库尔勒香梨贮藏品质进行定量评价。结果表明:温度显著影响香梨贮藏品质;不同贮藏温度下库尔勒香梨的果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量、果皮叶绿素含量、相对电导率变化均符合一级反应动力学(R2>0.93);各品质指标的反应速率常数及温度敏感性符合Arrhenius方程,并基于动力学理论和Arrhenius方程构建了库尔勒香梨贮藏品质量化评价模型。经试验验证发现,贮藏60d后,品质指标实测值与预测值相关系数R均大于0.97,平均相对百分比偏差P值小于10%,说明所建模型能够真实反应香梨的硬度、可溶性固形物含量、果皮叶绿素含量、相对电导率的变化规律,并证明该模型在不同贮藏温度下预测香梨品质指标变化及货架期的有效性;研究结果可为库尔勒香梨实际贮藏环境下商品销售、品质评价和货架期预测提供理论依据。

A Method for the Quantitative Evaluation of Storage Quality of Korla Fragrant Pear

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature on the changes in storage quality of Korla fragrant pears, and to monitor their quality changes at different temperatures. The changes in main quality indices as a function of time or temperature were examined over a storage at a temperature(-1, 5 or 25 °C) of actual post-harvest storage conditions for pears. A dynamic kinetic model for the changes of quality indices was further established for quantitative evaluation of the storage quality of Korla fragrant pear. The results showed that the temperature affected significantly the storage quality of pears. The changes in fruit firmness, soluble solids content, peel’s chlorophyll content and relative electrical conductivity of Korla fragrant pear at different storage temperatures conformed to the first-order reaction kinetics(R^2 > 0.93). The reaction rate constants and temperature sensitivity associated with all the quality indices conformed to the Arrhenius equation. A model for the quantitative evaluation of storage quality of Korla fragrant pear based on the kinetic theory and the Arrhenius equation. It was found through experiments that after the storage of 60 days, the correlation coefficients(R) between the measured values and the predicted values of the quality indices were all greater than 0.97, with the average relative percentage deviation(P) smaller than 10%. These results indicated that the established model can reflect truly the changes in the firmness, soluble solids content, peel’s chlorophyll content and relative electrical conductivity of fragrant pear. The effectiveness of the model in predicting the changes in quality indices and shelf life of fragrant pear at different storage temperatures was proven. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for commodity sales, quality evaluation and shelf life prediction of Korla fragrant pear under actual environmental conditions of storage.