异型截面楼房定向爆破的关键技术和应用

为解决高宽比小、截面惯性矩大的异型截面楼房定向爆破的技术难题,根据楼房倾倒瞬间的受力分析,提出了支撑区宽度和定向切口高度的确定方法,认为定向大切口和使楼房定向倾倒转动铰前移的宽支撑区是满足楼房倾覆力矩和足够支撑力的关键技术。并介绍了在一栋双Y型截面的14层框架-剪力墙楼房的爆破实施案例,应用分割和整体定向爆破方法把该楼房分割为一栋矩形截面、两栋V型截面楼房,实现了在同一工程中,矩形截面楼房和相同结构的两栋V型截面楼房向结构相反方向定向爆破的技术参数和爆破效果的相互对比。结果表明:宽支撑区可有效防止楼房后坐,相对增大了楼房的高宽比以及定向切口角度。

Key Technique and Application of Directional Blasting of Special-shaped Building

In order to solve the difficult technique of directional demolition blasting in the special-shaped building with small height-width ratio and big moment inertia,the calculated methods of supporting zone width and incision height were proposed according to the buildings toppling moment force,and the key technology of directional large incision and the wide support zone in directional collapse was considered to meet the building overturning moment and enough supporting force.A blasting practice of a 14 story frame shear wall building with a double Y section was introduced.Based on the directional blasting methods,the whole building was divided into a rectangular section and two Ⅴ-shaped section buildings,by which the mutual contrasts of blasting parameters were obtained,as a rectangular section and two same Ⅴ-shaped section buildings toppling towards opposite direction.The blasting results show that the wide support zone could avoid the building back lash,and further enhance the height-width ratio and incision angle relatively.