陶瓷基高温自润滑复合涂层的制备及摩擦学性能研究进展EI北大核心CSCD

摩擦磨损大多数情况下不利于机械设备,我国作为机械制造大国,降低摩擦磨损对工业进步及可持续发展有重大意义。陶瓷基高温自润滑复合涂层作为工业应用中常见体系之一,主要以硬质陶瓷为基体,并掺杂润滑材料作为第二相组成,使其一方面继承陶瓷相优异的高温稳定性及强度,另一方面提高在常见摩擦环境下的润滑性能,因此被广泛应用于船舶、航空航天、生物科技、高速列车等领域,受到研究人员的广泛关注与探索。本文以陶瓷基高温自润滑复合涂层为中心,首先阐述复合涂层及固体润滑材料的基本分类;其次综述不同制备方法的最新研究进展,重点关注工艺参数对制备陶瓷基高温自润滑涂层性能的影响及改善方法;然后归纳改善陶瓷基高温自润滑复合涂层表面摩擦学性能的关键因素,探讨了提升减摩耐磨性能的可行性和研究潜力;最后总结目前陶瓷基高温自润滑复合涂层存在的问题,主要有以下2点:(1)对复合涂层的物相分析仍以解释现象为主,没有完整的理论基础;(2)对不同制备工艺下复合涂层结构和摩擦学性能的改善手段较单一。因此提出相应的解决办法以及未来可能的发展方向:(1)研究陶瓷基体和不同润滑相、附加组元、高温环境的协同作用机理,建立系统的理论基础;(2)针对不同制备工艺的成型机理,重点研究工艺参数的协同作用对复合涂层微观结构形成的影响,扩展制备工艺的改善方法。

Research progress in preparation and tribological property of ceramic-based high-temperature self-lubricating composite coatings

In most cases, friction and wear are not conducive to mechanical equipment. As a large country in machinery manufacturing, reducing friction and wear is of great significance to industrial progress and sustainable development. Ceramic-based composite coating is one of the common systems in industrial applications. It uses ceramic materials as the matrix and dopes with lubricating materials as the second phase. On the one hand, it inherits the excellent high temperature stability and strength of the ceramic phases; on the other hand, it improves the lubricating performance in the common friction environment. Therefore, it is widely used in ships, aerospace, biotechnology and high speed trains, etc., and it has received extensive attention and exploration by researchers. Ceramic-based high-temperature self-lubricating composite coatings were focused on in this paper. First, the basic classification of coatings and solid lubricating materials were explained. Then the present researches progress was reviewed, meanwhile, the influence of process parameters on the performance of ceramic-based high-temperature self-lubricating coatings and improvement methods were focused on. Hence the key factors for improving the surface tribological properties of ceramic-based high-temperature self-lubricating composite coatings were summarized, and the feasibility or research potential of improving the friction reducing and wear-resistant performance was discussed. Finally, the current shortcomings of ceramic-based high-temperature self-lubricating composite coatings were summarized in two points: (1) the phase analysis of composite coatings is still focusing on the phenomenon, and without complete theoretical basis; (2) the methods for improving the structure and tribological properties of composite coatings under different preparation processes are relatively simple. Therefore, the corresponding solutions and possible development orientation were proposed preliminarily: (1) further explore the synergistic mechanisms between the ceramic-based and different lubricating phases, additional components, high temperature environment, and establish the theoretical basis of the system; (2) for the different forming mechanisms of preparation processes, the influence of the synergistic effect of process parameters on the microstructure of the composite coating needed to be focused on, expanding the improvement method of the preparation process.