Review on hydrogen production photocatalytically using carbon quantum dots: Future fuel

They are sometimes identified as zero-dimensional (0D) nanoparticles. These particles have gained much attention in water splitting into hydrogen and oxygen through photocatalytic conversion. CQDs act as semiconductor few nm sizes, due to very small size; their optical and electronic properties differ from larger particles. CQDs particle has high stability, mild toxicity besides conductivity. These particles are environmentally friendly due to low toxicity and also have excellent luminescence. Therefore they can be utilized as a potential source for the splitting of water photocatalytically. The parting of water into H₂ and O₂ will enable us to produce or collect hydrogen to be used as a future fuel. The review summarizes the efforts made by various researchers in the field of utilizing carbon quantum dabs for water splitting which may be further followed by future researchers for commercial-scale hydrogen production. Thus, the study concludes the methods for the production of CQDs and their utilization under sunlight by catalytically hydrogen gas production from water.